Computing Pic as a Galois module

Goal

From the equations of $X$, compute $\operatorname{Pic}(X^{\mathrm{al}}) \subset H_2(X_{\Bbb{C}},\Z)$ as a $\operatorname{Gal}(k^{\mathrm{al}}/k)$-module.

"The evaluation of $\rho$ for a given surface presents in general grave difficulties." (Zariski)

Corollary

The Picard Galois module gives the algebraic Brauer group for studying rational points.

$$\begin{aligned} H^1(\operatorname{Gal}(k^{\mathrm{al}}/k), \operatorname{Pic}X^{\mathrm{al}}) &\simeq \operatorname{Br}_1(X)/\operatorname{Br}_0(X) \\ X(k) &\subset X(\mathbf{A}_k)^{\operatorname{Br}} \subset X(\mathbf{A}_k) \end{aligned}$$